feat: 가상화 문서들 추가

2026-09-10 08:54:05 +09:00
parent e9f6a93327
commit 43e1aadef0
695 changed files with 153404 additions and 12754 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Guest 의 메모리 접근 한 번은 이름이 두 번 바뀌며 네 계층을 지난다
+
+## Alternative text
+
+Guest 구역 안에서 Keycloak · PostgreSQL 의 GVA 가 Guest TLB 와 Guest Page Table 을 지나 GPA 가 되고, VM Boundary 를 넘어 EPT 에서 HPA 가 된 뒤 Host RAM 구역의 Host Physical Memory 를 지나 NUMA Node 0 과 NUMA Node 1 로 갈라지는 주소 변환 경로도.
+
+## Long description
+
+위에서 아래로 읽는다. 맨 위 Guest 구역 안에 Keycloak · PostgreSQL 이 있고 그 접근은 GVA 로 Guest TLB 에 들어간다. TLB 에 변환이 없으면 TLB Miss 로 Guest Page Table 을 조회하고 거기서 GVA 가 GPA 가 된다. 그 GPA 는 VM Boundary 를 넘어 Guest 구역 밖의 EPT 로 가고 EPT 가 GPA 를 HPA 로 바꾼다. HPA 는 Host RAM 구역의 Host Physical Memory 에 닿고, 그 physical page 는 맨 아래에서 NUMA Node 0 또는 NUMA Node 1 가운데 한쪽에 놓인다. 상자 안 작은 글씨는 그 단계가 어느 계층인지와 무엇을 무엇으로 바꾸는지를 적은 것이다. 어느 단계에서 접근이 완료되지 못할 때 무엇이 일어나는지와 QEMU 가 이 경로를 어떻게 준비하는지는 본문의 문단과 표가 맡는다.
+
+## Elements and evidence
+
+- **Boundary: Guest** (boundary): VM Boundary 안쪽. Guest Userspace 와 Guest Kernel 이 여기 있고 GVA 가 GPA 가 되는 첫 번째 변환이 여기서 끝난다. Evidence: L4034–L4053.
+- **Boundary: Host RAM** (boundary): 변환이 끝난 주소가 닿는 실제 서버 메모리. Evidence: L4069–L4079.
+- **Keycloak · PostgreSQL** (actor): Guest 안에서 메모리를 읽는 프로세스. 여기서 GVA 가 출발한다. Evidence: L4034–L4038.
+- **Guest TLB** (component): 최근 변환 결과를 담아 두는 CPU 안의 캐시. Evidence: L4043–L4045.
+- **Guest Page Table** (component): GVA 를 GPA 로 바꾸는 첫 번째 변환 표. Evidence: L4048–L4053.
+- **EPT** (component): VM Boundary 바깥에서 GPA 를 HPA 로 바꾸는 두 번째 변환 표. KVM 과 CPU 가 맡는다. Evidence: L4055–L4067.
+- **Host Physical Memory** (store): HPA 가 가리키는 실제 서버 메모리. Evidence: L4069–L4072.
+- **NUMA Node 0** (store): physical page 가 놓일 수 있는 한쪽 NUMA node. Evidence: L4073–L4075.
+- **NUMA Node 1** (store): physical page 가 놓일 수 있는 다른 쪽 NUMA node. Evidence: L4073–L4075.
+
+## Relationships
+
+- **EPT → Host Physical Memory:** HPA. Evidence: L4062–L4071.
+- **Host Physical Memory → NUMA Node 0:** Physical Page. Evidence: L4071–L4075.
+- **Host Physical Memory → NUMA Node 1:** Physical Page. Evidence: L4071–L4075.
+- **Guest Page Table → EPT:** VM Boundary. Evidence: L4053–L4062.
+- **Keycloak · PostgreSQL → Guest TLB:** GVA. Evidence: L4036–L4043.
+- **Guest TLB → Guest Page Table:** TLB Miss. Evidence: L4043–L4048.
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Guest 의 메모리 접근 한 번은 이름이 두 번 바뀌며 네 계층을 지난다
+# Question: Guest 프로세스가 읽은 주소는 어느 계층을 차례로 지나 어떤 물리 메모리에 닿는가
+direction: down
+g0: "Guest" {
+  n0: "Keycloak · PostgreSQL" {
+    shape: person
+  }
+  n1: "Guest TLB" {
+    shape: rectangle
+  }
+  n2: "Guest Page Table" {
+    shape: rectangle
+  }
+}
+g1: "Host RAM" {
+  n4: "Host Physical Memory" {
+    shape: rectangle
+  }
+  n5: "NUMA Node 0" {
+    shape: rectangle
+  }
+  n6: "NUMA Node 1" {
+    shape: rectangle
+  }
+}
+n3: "EPT" {
+  shape: rectangle
+}
+g0.n0 -> g0.n1: "GVA"
+g0.n1 -> g0.n2: "TLB Miss"
+g0.n2 -> n3: "VM Boundary"
+n3 -> g1.n4: "HPA"
+g1.n4 -> g1.n5: "Physical Page"
+g1.n4 -> g1.n6: "Physical Page"
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<mxfile host="app.diagrams.net" modified="2026-07-23T00:00:00.000Z" agent="techviz-harness" version="24.7.17" type="device">
+  <diagram id="guest-memory-address-translation-path" name="Guest 의 메모리 접근 한 번은 이름이 두 번 바뀌며 네 계층을 지난다">
+    <mxGraphModel dx="680" dy="1078" grid="1" gridSize="10" guides="1" tooltips="1" connect="1" arrows="1" fold="1" page="1" pageScale="1" pageWidth="827" pageHeight="1169" math="0" shadow="0">
+      <root>
+        <mxCell id="0"/>
+        <mxCell id="1" parent="0"/>
+        <mxCell id="g_guest" value="Guest" style="swimlane;html=1;rounded=1;startSize=30;horizontal=1;dashed=1;strokeWidth=1.5;fillColor=#f7f9fb;strokeColor=#66788a;fontStyle=1;fontSize=13;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="129.5" y="35.0" width="241.0" height="494.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="g_host-ram" value="Host RAM" style="swimlane;html=1;rounded=1;startSize=30;horizontal=1;dashed=1;strokeWidth=1.5;fillColor=#f7f9fb;strokeColor=#66788a;fontStyle=1;fontSize=13;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_guest-process" value="Keycloak · PostgreSQL&lt;br/&gt;Guest Userspace" tooltip="Guest 안에서 메모리를 읽는 프로세스. 여기서 GVA 가 출발한다. | Evidence: L4034-L4038" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="159.5" y="81.0" width="181.0" height="71.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_guest-tlb" value="Guest TLB&lt;br/&gt;Guest Kernel" tooltip="최근 변환 결과를 담아 두는 CPU 안의 캐시. | Evidence: L4043-L4045" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="175.0" y="248.0" width="150.0" height="71.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_guest-page-table" value="Guest Page Table&lt;br/&gt;Guest Kernel&lt;br/&gt;GVA → GPA" tooltip="GVA 를 GPA 로 바꾸는 첫 번째 변환 표. | Evidence: L4048-L4053" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="175.0" y="415.0" width="150.0" height="88.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_ept" value="EPT&lt;br/&gt;KVM / CPU&lt;br/&gt;GPA → HPA" tooltip="VM Boundary 바깥에서 GPA 를 HPA 로 바꾸는 두 번째 변환 표. KVM 과 CPU 가 맡는다. | Evidence: L4055-L4067" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;strokeColor=#2563eb;strokeWidth=2;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="175.0" y="599.0" width="150.0" height="88.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_host-physical-memory" value="Host Physical Memory" tooltip="HPA 가 가리키는 실제 서버 메모리. | Evidence: L4069-L4072" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="163.0" y="783.0" width="174.0" height="64.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_numa-node-0" value="NUMA Node 0" tooltip="physical page 가 놓일 수 있는 한쪽 NUMA node. | Evidence: L4073-L4075" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;" vertex="1" parent="1">
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+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="n_numa-node-1" value="NUMA Node 1" tooltip="physical page 가 놓일 수 있는 다른 쪽 NUMA node. | Evidence: L4073-L4075" style="whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;rounded=1;strokeWidth=2;fontSize=14;fontStyle=1;fillColor=#ffffff;strokeColor=#2d4357;verticalAlign=middle;" vertex="1" parent="1">
+          <mxGeometry x="280.0" y="943.0" width="150.0" height="64.0" as="geometry"/>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="e_ept-to-host-memory" value="HPA" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;strokeWidth=2;endArrow=block;endFill=1;" edge="1" parent="1" source="n_ept" target="n_host-physical-memory">
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+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="e_host-memory-to-node-0" value="Physical Page" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;strokeWidth=2;endArrow=block;endFill=1;" edge="1" parent="1" source="n_host-physical-memory" target="n_numa-node-0">
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+        <mxCell id="e_host-memory-to-node-1" value="Physical Page" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;strokeWidth=2;endArrow=block;endFill=1;" edge="1" parent="1" source="n_host-physical-memory" target="n_numa-node-1">
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+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="e_page-table-to-ept" value="VM Boundary" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;strokeWidth=2;endArrow=block;endFill=1;" edge="1" parent="1" source="n_guest-page-table" target="n_ept">
+          <mxGeometry relative="1" as="geometry">
+            <mxPoint x="274.0" y="551.0" as="offset"/>
+          </mxGeometry>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="e_process-to-tlb" value="GVA" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;strokeWidth=2;endArrow=block;endFill=1;" edge="1" parent="1" source="n_guest-process" target="n_guest-tlb">
+          <mxGeometry relative="1" as="geometry">
+            <mxPoint x="274.0" y="200.0" as="offset"/>
+          </mxGeometry>
+        </mxCell>
+        <mxCell id="e_tlb-to-page-table" value="TLB Miss" style="edgeStyle=orthogonalEdgeStyle;rounded=0;orthogonalLoop=1;jettySize=auto;html=1;strokeWidth=2;endArrow=block;endFill=1;" edge="1" parent="1" source="n_guest-tlb" target="n_guest-page-table">
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+            <mxPoint x="274.0" y="367.0" as="offset"/>
+          </mxGeometry>
+        </mxCell>
+      </root>
+    </mxGraphModel>
+  </diagram>
+</mxfile>
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
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@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+%% Guest 의 메모리 접근 한 번은 이름이 두 번 바뀌며 네 계층을 지난다
+%% question: Guest 프로세스가 읽은 주소는 어느 계층을 차례로 지나 어떤 물리 메모리에 닿는가
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph g_guest["Guest"]
+        n0(["Keycloak · PostgreSQL"])
+        n1["Guest TLB"]
+        n2["Guest Page Table"]
+    end
+    subgraph g_host_ram["Host RAM"]
+        n4["Host Physical Memory"]
+        n5["NUMA Node 0"]
+        n6["NUMA Node 1"]
+    end
+    n3["EPT"]
+    n0 -->|"GVA"| n1
+    n1 -->|"TLB Miss"| n2
+    n2 -->|"VM Boundary"| n3
+    n3 -->|"HPA"| n4
+    n4 -->|"Physical Page"| n5
+    n4 -->|"Physical Page"| n6
+    classDef external stroke-dasharray: 6 4
+    class n0 external
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
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+<desc id="diagram-description">위에서 아래로 읽는다. 맨 위 Guest 구역 안에 Keycloak · PostgreSQL 이 있고 그 접근은 GVA 로 Guest TLB 에 들어간다. TLB 에 변환이 없으면 TLB Miss 로 Guest Page Table 을 조회하고 거기서 GVA 가 GPA 가 된다. 그 GPA 는 VM Boundary 를 넘어 Guest 구역 밖의 EPT 로 가고 EPT 가 GPA 를 HPA 로 바꾼다. HPA 는 Host RAM 구역의 Host Physical Memory 에 닿고, 그 physical page 는 맨 아래에서 NUMA Node 0 또는 NUMA Node 1 가운데 한쪽에 놓인다. 상자 안 작은 글씨는 그 단계가 어느 계층인지와 무엇을 무엇으로 바꾸는지를 적은 것이다. 어느 단계에서 접근이 완료되지 못할 때 무엇이 일어나는지와 QEMU 가 이 경로를 어떻게 준비하는지는 본문의 문단과 표가 맡는다.</desc>
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