fix: apply the recorded private Cache-Control matrix to image probes

TR-RR-09. The documented BT-IMG-02 contract requires a private response to
carry no-store and fail closed when any directive that describes cacheability
accompanies it. The probe checked only that no-store was present and public was
absent, and the suite pinned the contradictory "private, no-store" as a success.
Both now follow the recorded contract: only no-store and syntactically valid
unknown extensions are admitted, and public, private, immutable, max-age,
s-maxage, no-cache, must-revalidate and proxy-revalidate each fail closed.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/adapters/browser-transfer/image-cdn/browser-image-probe.ts

@@ -310,9 +310,13 @@ function validResponseHeaders(
   );
   if (!directives) return false;
   if (request.delivery === "PRIVATE_SIGNED") {
-    return (
-      directives.get("no-store") === true &&
-      !directives.has("public")
+    // TR-RR-09. The recorded BT-IMG-02 contract is a fail-closed matrix, not a
+    // pair of checks: a private response must carry `no-store` and nothing else
+    // that describes cacheability. Only a syntactically valid unknown extension
+    // is ignored, so a contradictory pairing can never read as acceptable.
+    if (directives.get("no-store") !== true) return false;
+    return !PRIVATE_FORBIDDEN_DIRECTIVES.some((name) =>
+      directives.has(name),
     );
   }
   const maxAge = directives.get("max-age");
@@ -336,6 +340,21 @@ function validResponseHeaders(
   );
 }
 
+/**
+ * TR-RR-09. Every cacheability directive a `PRIVATE_SIGNED` response may not
+ * carry alongside `no-store`.
+ */
+const PRIVATE_FORBIDDEN_DIRECTIVES: readonly string[] = Object.freeze([
+  "public",
+  "private",
+  "immutable",
+  "max-age",
+  "s-maxage",
+  "no-cache",
+  "must-revalidate",
+  "proxy-revalidate",
+]);
+
 /**
  * BT-IMG-02. Quote- and escape-aware Cache-Control tokenizer.
  *

tests/unit/image-cdn-runtime.test.ts

@@ -1658,7 +1658,9 @@ describe("browser image probe", () => {
       responseAt(imageUrl, png, {
         status: 200,
         headers: {
-          "cache-control": "private, no-store",
+          // TR-RR-09. A private response carries `no-store` and nothing else
+          // that describes cacheability.
+          "cache-control": "no-store",
           "content-type": "image/png",
         },
       }),
@@ -1748,6 +1750,67 @@ describe("browser image probe", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  /**
+   * TR-RR-09. The recorded BT-IMG-02 contract for a private response is a
+   * fail-closed matrix. Accepting `no-store` next to a directive that describes
+   * cacheability lets a self-contradictory policy read as acceptable.
+   */
+  it("applies the full private Cache-Control matrix", async () => {
+    const png = pngBytes(640, 360);
+    const probeWith = async (cacheControl: string) => {
+      const probe = createBrowserImageProbe({
+        fetcher: (async () =>
+          responseAt(imageUrl, png, {
+            status: 200,
+            headers: {
+              "cache-control": cacheControl,
+              "content-type": "image/png",
+            },
+          })) as typeof fetch,
+        createBitmap: async () => ({
+          width: 640,
+          height: 360,
+          close: vi.fn(),
+        }),
+      });
+      return await probe.probe(
+        request({
+          delivery: "PRIVATE_SIGNED",
+          minimumPublicMaxAgeSeconds: 0,
+        }),
+      );
+    };
+
+    // Only `no-store`, plus a syntactically valid unknown extension.
+    expect(await probeWith("no-store")).toMatchObject({ ok: true });
+    expect(await probeWith('no-store, x-vendor="a,b"')).toMatchObject({
+      ok: true,
+    });
+
+    for (const companion of [
+      "public",
+      "private",
+      "immutable",
+      "max-age=60",
+      "s-maxage=60",
+      "no-cache",
+      "must-revalidate",
+      "proxy-revalidate",
+    ]) {
+      expect(await probeWith(`no-store, ${companion}`)).toMatchObject({
+        ok: false,
+        error: { code: "POLICY_REJECTED" },
+      });
+    }
+
+    for (const withoutNoStore of ["private", "no-cache", "max-age=0"]) {
+      expect(await probeWith(withoutNoStore)).toMatchObject({
+        ok: false,
+        error: { code: "POLICY_REJECTED" },
+      });
+    }
+  });
+
   it("times out a stalled body, aborts the composed signal and cancels its reader", async () => {
     const manual = manualImageProbeScheduler();
     const cancel = vi.fn(async () => undefined);